Biology

BIOL 1318 (BIOL 2316) Human Genetics (3 semester credit hours) Elementary course in the fundamentals of human genetics. Topics include patterns of inheritance; DNA structure and replication; gene function; mutation and its role in genetic diseases, cancer, and the immune system; matters of sex; evolution; genetic engineering and gene therapy; forensics and bioethics. This course is specifically designed for non-majors. (3-0) S

BIOL 1350 Body Systems (3 semester credit hours) Examines the organ systems of mammals, predominantly the human. Function in relation to structure is emphasized. The effects of one organ system on others is stressed. The overall objective of the course is an appreciation of the integration and control of all systems. This course is specifically designed for non-majors. (3-0) R

BIOL 1V00 Topics in Biological Sciences (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated for credit as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). A fee of up to $200 may be required depending on topic. ([1-6]-0) R

BIOL 1V01 Topics in Biological Sciences with Lab (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Lab fee of $30 required. ([1-5]-[1-5]) R

BIOL 1V95 Individual Instruction in Biology (1-6 semester credit hours) Individual study under a faculty member's direction. May be repeated for credit as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Instructor consent required. ([1-6]-0) S

BIOL 2111 Introduction to Modern Biology Workshop I (1 semester credit hour) Problem solving and discussion related to the subject matter in BIOL 2311. Prerequisites: ((CHEM 1311 or CHEM 1315 or equivalent) and (CHEM 1312 or CHEM 1316)) or CHEM 1301. Corequisite: BIOL 2311. (1-0) S

BIOL 2112 Introduction to Modern Biology Workshop II (1 semester credit hour) Problem solving and discussion related to the subject matter in BIOL 2312. Corequisite: BIOL 2312. (1-0) S

BIOL 2281 Introductory Biology Laboratory (2 semester credit hours) Introductory lectures discuss the theoretical and historical aspects of the experiments carried out in the laboratory. Laboratory experiments introduce the student to bioinformatics, basic cellular biology, and structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids. Computer exercises in bioinformatics involve multiple alignment analyses, BLAST and literature searches, and construction of phylogenetic trees. Laboratory experiments include microscopy, microbial techniques, yeast genetics, and the electrophoretic behavior of normal and mutant proteins. DNA related experiments include isolation (nuclear and mtDNA), amplification, restriction digests, electrophoresis, plasmid mapping, and transformations. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisite: BIOL 2311 (also see prerequisites for BIOL 2311). ([0-1]-[1-2]) S

BIOL 2311 (BIOL 1306) Introduction to Modern Biology I (3 semester credit hours) Presentation of some of the fundamental concepts of modern biology, with an emphasis on the molecular and cellular basis of biological phenomena. Topics include the chemistry and metabolism of biological molecules, elementary classical and molecular genetics, and selected aspects of developmental biology, physiology (including hormone action), immunity, and neurophysiology. An online subscription fee of up to $150 is required for this course for online homework access. Prerequisites: ((CHEM 1311 or CHEM 1315) and (CHEM 1312 or CHEM 1316)) or CHEM 1301. Corequisite: BIOL 2111. (3-0) S

BIOL 2312 (BIOL 1307) Introduction to Modern Biology II (3 semester credit hours) The overall emphasis will be on organ physiology and regulatory mechanisms involving individual organs and organ systems. Factors considered will be organ development and structure, evolutionary processes and biological diversity, and their effects on physiological mechanisms regulating the internal environment. An online subscription fee of up to $200 is required for this course for online homework access. Corequisite: BIOL 2112. (3-0) S

BIOL 2350 Biological Basis of Health and Disease (3 semester credit hours) Fundamentals of pathophysiology, focusing on the dynamic processes that cause disease, give rise to symptoms, and signal the body's attempt to overcome disease. The course covers diseases which may affect dramatically the life of an individual and society in the modern age. Topics include 1) mechanisms of infectious disease, immunity, and inflammation and 2) alterations in structure and function of the reproductive, circulatory, respiratory, and urinary systems. Special emphasis is given to preventative aspects for each disease based on non-drug, wellness-promoting approaches. This course is designed as a science elective open to all majors. (3-0) R

BIOL 2V00 Topics in Biological Sciences (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Instructor consent required. A fee of up to $200 may be required depending on topic. ([1-6]-0) R

BIOL 2V01 Topics in Biological Sciences with Lab (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Lab fee of $30 required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-5]-[1-5]) R

BIOL 2V81 Course-based Undergraduate Research Experience in Biology (2-3 semester credit hours) An authentic research experience within the context of a teaching lab; Experiment design, documentation, and presentation; Bioinformatics, basic cellular biology, structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids, microscopy, microbial techniques, gel electrophoresis, PCR, and bacterial transformation. Substitutes for BIOL 2281 for Biology and Molecular Biology majors. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisite: BIOL2311 or equivalent. (0-[2-6]) R

BIOL 2V95 Individual Instruction in Biology (1-6 semester credit hours) Individual study under a faculty member's direction. May be repeated for credit as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Instructor consent required. ([1-6]-0) S

BIOL 3091 Undergraduate Research in Biology (0 semester credit hours) Subject and scope are to be determined on an individual basis. Credit/No Credit only. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Instructor consent required. (0-0) R

BIOL 3203 Introduction to Microbiology Lab (2 semester credit hours) Students will learn basic aseptic techniques along with use of microscopes and basic staining methods. The exercises will incorporate isolation, culture, and identification of common microorganisms. The laboratory will focus on experiments demonstrating principles of microbial physiology, classification, antibiotic resistance, as well as practice with data analysis, basic computational skills, and safety practices for protecting the microbiologist and the workspace from microbial contamination. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 3303. (0-4) S

BIOL 3303 Introduction to Microbiology (3 semester credit hours) Microbes contribute to major biogeochemical processes, live in environments inhospitable to other organisms, and may comprise the majority of biomass on Earth. They form beneficial symbioses with multicellular organisms and play critical roles in the development of those organisms. In contrast to these beneficial roles, certain microbes are global public health concerns. This course surveys the form and function of the microbial world. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312. (3-0) S

BIOL 3305 Evolutionary Analysis (3 semester credit hours) Molecular and fossil evidence for evolution. Darwinian natural selection, mechanisms of evolution, Mendelian genetics in populations, forms of adaptation, evolutionary trees, molecular phylogeny, theories on the origin of life. Prerequisite: BIOL 3301. (3-0) Y

BIOL 3306 Parasitology (3 semester credit hours) Fundamentals of the diversity of existing parasites and their life cycles, host-parasite relationships, parasite evasion, host pathology and defense mechanisms, as well as vaccine development. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2311 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2312 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2281 or equivalent). (Same as BIMS 3306) (3-0) R

BIOL 3312 Programming for Biological Sciences (3 semester credit hours) Principles and fundamentals to programming practices using Python designed for students in the biological sciences. Loops and iterations; function parameters, modules and packages. Special emphasis on programming paradigms like object-oriented programming and data structures like vectors, tuples and dictionaries. Applications to processing, modeling and analysis of biological data. Fundamentals and use of tools for biological computation including Biopython. Usage of Python Notebooks as an environment to perform computations and run programs. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312. (3-0) T

BIOL 3314 Discrete Biomedical Systems (3 semester credit hours) Networks and graphs, discrete recursive processes, the discretization of continuous models, Boolean logic, basic stochastic processes, including probabilistic models, random walks, probability trees, and Markov models, agent-based models, as well as the basics of parameter estimation and optimization; all theoretical concepts are illustrated in hands-on computer sessions with biomedical applications. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2311 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2312 or equivalent) and (MATH 2417 or equivalent). (Same as BIMS 3314) (3-0) F

BIOL 3315 Epigenetics (3 semester credit hours) Almost all cell types in our body share the same genetic information, but they perform very different functions. For example, our nerve cells are morphologically and functionally distinct from our muscle cells. How can the same genome give rise to hundreds of distinct cell types in our body? How can different diseases affect identical twins sharing the same genetic information? Why our parents and grandparents' diet and health may have lasting influences in our own health? The field of epigenetics emerged over the past decades to tackle these fundamental questions that intersect our genome, development, environment and disease. This course will provide a broad overview of epigenetic phenomena and epigenetic mechanisms with weekly lectures and small group discussions of primary literature. The course will introduce students to seminal works in epigenetics and recent developments with the goal of instilling critical knowledge of the field. Prerequisites: BIOL 3401 or equivalent or instructor consent required. (3-0) Y

BIOL 3318 Forensic Biology (3 semester credit hours) Role and methodology of biological testing in criminal investigation and forensic science. Analysis of the procedures and methodologies employed in the collection, preservation and screening of biological evidence, and protein and DNA testing. Population genetics employed during the statistical evaluation of data is covered. The course is structured to allow individuals with and without biological training to participate. The subject matter will be developed from the concept of "What is DNA?" through "What does a statistical estimate really mean?" (3-0) S

BIOL 3320 Applied Genetics (3 semester credit hours) Genetic model organisms such as the flatworm (Planaria), fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans), and the zebrafish (Danio rerio) are the cornerstones of biomedical research. These organisms known for their simplicity of structure and gene similarity to humans have been seminal in advancing our understanding of many biological processes and human diseases. In this inquiry-based course, learners will apply basic principles of genetic model systems, transmission genetics, and molecular genetics to investigate important biological concepts such as embryonic cell division, stem cells and regeneration, Mendelian inheritance, gene mutations, and phenotypes. Throughout this exploratory course, students will gain practical hands-on experience conducting basic culturing, genetic manipulation, and phenotypic analysis necessary to utilize genetic model organisms in their investigation. Learners will engage in class discussions and activities to draw connections between the concepts learned in class and their real-time application(s) in biomedical sciences. To cover the costs of live organisms and consumables used in class projects, students will pay a supply fee of up to $50 (determined per semester) to the bookstore. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and (BIOL 2111 or equivalent) and BIOL 2312 and (BIOL 2112 or equivalent). (3-0) S

BIOL 3322 Ecosystems (3 semester credit hours) Explores the fundamental characteristics of ecosystems, integrating biological and environmental sciences to understand Earth's biodiversity and interconnectedness. Examines the structure and function of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, emphasizing the interdependence of communities. Topics include biodiversity, sustainability, and human impact on ecosystems. Matter and energy flow, carbon and nutrient cycling, and the effects of climate change and global drivers are reviewed. Addresses conservation, resource management, and the importance of ecosystem goods and services for survival and economic development. Ecosystem science is presented as essential for understanding ecological networks and dynamics. Online only. Prerequisite: BIOL 2311. (3-0) R

BIOL 3325 Drug Development to Clinical Trials (3 semester credit hours) This course covers the process of drug development and the journey of the drug from lab to clinical trials to the pharmaceutical industry. Students will learn and discuss the fundamentals of the drug development process as well as the phases and types of clinical trials in detail. Students will complete group projects, present as a group, and prepare group reports based on specific therapeutic areas. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2311 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2312 or equivalent). (3-0) R

BIOL 3335 Microbial Physiology (3 semester credit hours) Life processes of microbes: fermentations, N2 assimilation, and other biochemical pathways specific to bacteria; cellular structure and differentiation, among others. Substitutes for BIOL 3362 or CHEM 3362 for Biology majors. Prerequisites: BIOL 2311 and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461). (3-0) F

BIOL 3336 Protein and Nucleic Acid Structure (3 semester credit hours) Examines the different types of protein motifs, protein and DNA folding and stability, and the relation of structure to function. Circular dichroism, NMR, and crystallographic methods of structural determination are presented. Types of proteins considered include transcription factors, proteinases, membrane proteins, proteins in signal transduction, proteins of the immune system, and engineered proteins. Students also receive instruction in the viewing and manipulation of protein and DNA structures using various modeling programs and data from national websites. Prerequisite: BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461. (3-0) T

BIOL 3337 Bioinformatics (3 semester credit hours) This course introduces mathematical and computational methods for analyzing and interpreting molecular biology data. The focus will be on biological sequence (DNA, RNA, and protein) analysis and its applications. Topics include working with biological databases, sequence alignment and analysis, molecular phylogeny and evolution, protein structure, and prediction. Prerequisites: (MATH 2414 or MATH 2419) and (STAT 2332 or STAT 3332). (Same as MATH 3336 and BIMS 3336 and STAT 3336) (3-0) Y

BIOL 3355 Clinical Pathophysiology (3 semester credit hours) The focus of this course is to meet the interests of the students who plan to become professionals working in the health-care field. The strategic goal of the course is to make students internalize the notion of the complexity of the processes leading to the onset and the development (pathogenesis) of a diseased condition, to emphasize the concept of the unbalanced homeostatic regulation underlying any pathology. To understand the idea of the involvement of all body systems in the seemingly "local" manifestations of a disease, and to realize the importance of the mind-body connections in the subjective and objective characteristics of an individual ailment and its influence on the process of sanogenesis (recovery). We will incorporate the most recent scientific data into the fundamentals of pathophysiology and discuss the classical typological problems like the etiology, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, treatment, and the prognosis of the condition. The pathological conditions that will be covered in this course include the infectious diseases and some immune disorders, the diseases of the reproductive, cardiovascular, respiratory, and urinary systems. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and BIOL 2312. ([1-3]-0) S

BIOL 3357 Mammalian Physiology with Lab (3 semester credit hours) This course will focus on human body systems and physiological pathways related to organ system functions and control including, but not limited to, central nervous system control and feedback, cardiovascular, respiratory, and neuromuscular physiology as well as topics such as blood pressure regulation and exercise physiology. This course will use computer software and electronic instrumentation for performing electrocardiography, electromyography, electroencephalography, plethysmography, pulmonary function analysis, polygraph analysis, and biofeedback. An iClicker app fee of up to $20 is required for this course. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3455 or equivalent) and (BIOL 3456 or equivalent) and instructor consent required. (3-1) S

BIOL 3370 Exercise Physiology (3 semester credit hours) Examines the operation and adaptation of human organ systems (cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, skeletal, and hormonal) during exercise. Clinical aspects of exercise, including the effects of training, nutrition, performance, and ergogenic aids, are also discussed. An iClicker app fee of up to $20 is required for this course. Prerequisites: BIOL 2312 and (BIOL 2311 or equivalent). (3-0) S

BIOL 3372 Comparative Physiology (3 semester credit hours) Explores the diverse array of living systems in the animal kingdom, highlighting both their similarities and differences; reinforces essential biological principles by recognizing recurring patterns, while revealing innovative survival strategies by examining differences; employs a comparative approach to illuminate complex topics of sex and gender, providing scientific objectivity and clarity for developing effective solutions; examines extraordinary functionalities in the animal kingdom that have historically inspired advancements in technology and medicine. Prerequisite: BIOL 2312. (Same as BIMS 3372) (3-0) R

BIOL 3380 Biochemistry Laboratory (3 semester credit hours) Current techniques in the purification and characterization of enzymes to demonstrate fundamental principles that are utilized in modern biochemistry and molecular biology research laboratories. Practical skills taught include micropipetting, basic solution preparation, conducting pH measurements, isolating crude enzyme extracts, and performing standard activity assays. Advanced experiments with Green Fluorescent Protein and Lactate Dehydrogenase include Ni++-NTA affinity chromatography, ion chromatography, protein detection using Bradford, Lowry, and spectrophotometric assays, SDS-PAGE separation, Western Blot analysis, and enzyme kinetics. Lab fee of $30 required. A Top Hat subscription fee of up to $40 is required for this course. Prerequisite: BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461. (1-4) S

BIOL 3385 Medical Histology (3 semester credit hours) Medical histology will cover the microscopic structure and function of human cells and tissues that make up the organ systems in normal and pathological conditions. The lecture component will include understanding of relevant disease and pathophysiological conditions from a histological standpoint. The laboratory component of this course will involve the microscopic study of cells and tissues using the compound light microscope and prepared slides. Laboratory studies will complement and correlate with the study of cells and tissue organization. Prerequisites: BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312. (1.5-3) S

BIOL 3388 Honey Bee Biology (3 semester credit hours) This survey course explores the biology of honey bees at the colony, organism, and molecular levels. Topics include honey bee anatomy, nest architecture, caste development and social organization, reproduction and genetic diversity, pheromones and communication, foraging behavior, colony reproduction, pest and disease management, and basic beekeeping. Optional hands on experience may be provided. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312. (3-0) Y

BIOL 3398 Biological Barriers (3 semester credit hours) Examines the various physical and cellular biological barriers with special emphasis on human and biologically relevant model systems, to study their function in health and dysfunction in disease. Prerequisites: BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312. (Same as BIMS 3398) (3-0) R

BIOL 3401 Genetics (4 semester credit hours) The phenomenon of heredity, its cytological and molecular basis; gene expression and transfer of genetic information, with a major focus on bacterial and model eukaryotic systems; genetic recombination and chromosome mapping; tetrad analysis; mutations and their role in understanding function; genetic interactions; application of recombinant DNA techniques to genetic analysis. Landmark experiments and their analysis. Problem solving and discussion related to concepts covered in lectures. An online subscription fee of up to $200 may be required for this course for online homework access. Prerequisites: BIOL 2311 and (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and (CHEM 2323 or equivalent). (4-0) S

BIOL 3402 Molecular and Cell Biology (4 semester credit hours) Structural organization of eukaryotic cells; regulation of cellular activities; protein targeting; vesicular trafficking; membranes and transport; cell cycle regulation; cancer; stem cells, and current cell biology techniques. Problem solving and discussion related to concepts covered in lectures. An online subscription fee of up to $125 may be required for this course for online homework access. Prerequisites: BIOL 3401 and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) or equivalent. (4-0) S

BIOL 3413 Systems Biology (4 semester credit hours) Experimental and computational approaches, with emphasis on typical computational systems modeling; Topics include: design of interaction diagrams; identification of variables; parameters and processes; design of systems models in the format of ordinary differential equations; the concepts of approximation, steady states, stability, sensitivity, and robustness; computational generation and evaluation of transients; and the simulation of representative biomedical scenarios. All concepts are explored with computational hands-on exercises and executed with a user-friendly software program. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 equivalent) and (BIOL 2311 or equivalent) and (BIOL 2312 or equivalent) and (MATH 2417 or equivalent). (Same as BIMS 3413) (4-0) F

BIOL 3455 Human Anatomy and Physiology with Lab I (4 semester credit hours) First of a two-course sequence providing a comprehensive study of the basic principles of human physiology in conjunction with a detailed, model-based human anatomy laboratory and computer-assisted physiology experiments. Examination of structure-function relationships includes a survey of human histology and skeletal, muscular, neural, and sensory organ systems. Lab fee of $30 required. An online subscription fee of up to $120 is required for this course for online homework access. Prerequisite: BIOL 2312 or equivalent. (3-3) S

BIOL 3456 Human Anatomy and Physiology with Lab II (4 semester credit hours) Continuation of the comprehensive study of the basic principles of human physiology in conjunction with a detailed, model-based human anatomy laboratory and computer-assisted physiology experiments. Endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, renal, and reproductive systems are examined. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisite: BIOL 3455 or equivalent. (3-3) S

BIOL 3461 Biochemistry I (4 semester credit hours) Structures and chemical properties of amino acids; protein purification and characterization; protein structure and thermodynamics of polypeptide chain folding; catalytic mechanisms, kinetics, and regulation of enzymes; energetics of biochemical reactions; generation and storage of metabolic energy associated with carbohydrates; oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport mechanisms; photosynthesis. Problem solving methodology in biochemistry; discussion of recent advances in areas related to the subject matter. Prerequisites: (CHEM 2323 or equivalent) and (CHEM 2325 or equivalent). (Same as CHEM 3461) (4-0) S

BIOL 3462 Biochemistry II (4 semester credit hours) Breakdown and synthesis of lipids; membrane structure and function; nitrogen metabolism and fixation; nucleotide metabolism; structure and properties of nucleic acids; sequencing and genetic engineering; replication, transcription, and translation; chromosome structure; hormone action; biochemical basis of certain pathological processes. Problem-solving methodology in biochemistry; discussion of recent advances in areas related to the subject matter. Prerequisite: BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461 or equivalent, or instructor consent required. (Same as CHEM 3462) (4-0) S

BIOL 3V00 Topics in Biological Sciences (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (9 semester credit hours maximum). Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. A fee of up to $200 may be required depending on topic. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312 or equivalent. ([1-6]-0) R

BIOL 3V01 Topics in Biological Sciences with Lab (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Lab fee of $30 required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312 or equivalent. ([1-5]-[1-5]) R

BIOL 3V15 Research Practicum for UT-PACT (1-6 semester credit hours) Students in the UT-PACT program participate in clinical or biomedical research projects under the joint supervision of UT Southwestern faculty and UT Dallas UT-PACT program coordinator. Students receive training in relevant research methodology and research ethics prior to placement in clinical settings. Consult with UT-PACT program coordinator prior to enrollment for information on prerequisites and minimum on-site hours. May be repeated for credit. (9 semester credit hours maximum). UT-PACT program coordinator consent required. ([1-6]-0) S

BIOL 3V40 Topics in Molecular and Cell Biology (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (9 semester credit hours maximum). Lab fee of $30 required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312 or equivalent. ([1-6]-[0-5]) S

BIOL 3V90 Undergraduate Readings in Biology (1-3 semester credit hours) Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-3]-0) S

BIOL 3V91 Undergraduate Research in Biology (1-3 semester credit hours) Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-3]-0) S

BIOL 3V93 Undergraduate Research in Biochemistry (1-3 semester credit hours) Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-3]-0) S

BIOL 3V94 Topics in Biology: Individual Instruction (1-6 semester credit hours) Individual study under a faculty member's direction. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-6]-0) S

BIOL 3V96 Undergraduate Research in Molecular and Cell Biology (1-3 semester credit hours) Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-3]-0) S

BIOL 4002 Undergraduate TA Apprenticeship (0 semester credit hours) Development and practice of teaching skills in the classroom and laboratory in the biological sciences. Credit/No Credit only. May be repeated for credit. Instructor consent required. (0-0) R

BIOL 4156 Course-based Undergraduate Research Experience in Molecular Neuropathology (1 semester credit hour) Designed to complement topics covered in BIOL 4356; training in techniques and how basic neuroscience research is conducted; formulation of hypotheses related to the pathology of one or more neurodegenerative diseases, experimentation, and data analysis. Projects will be focused but comprehensive, starting with genotyping of mouse models of diseases and molecular and pathological investigations on brain samples and culminating with a research report. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 4356. (Same as BIMS 4156) (0-3) F

BIOL 4302 TA Apprenticeship (3 semester credit hours) Development and practice of teaching skills in the classroom and laboratory in the biological sciences. May be repeated only once for credit (6 semester credit hours maximum). Instructor consent required. (3-0) S

BIOL 4305 Molecular Evolution (3 semester credit hours) Principles and models of evolutionary theory at the molecular level. Evolution of nucleotide sequences including genes, pseudogenes, genomes and amino acid sequences; evolution of proteins, protein complexes, and interactions. Phylogenetics and current leading quantitative models of sequence evolution; statistical methods on amino acid coevolution and its connections to molecular structure and function. Examples of molecular evolution include protein interactions, signaling networks, and viral evolution. Computational tools and algorithms used to study evolution at the molecular level. Prerequisites: BIOL 3401 or BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461 or equivalents or instructor consent required. (3-0) T

BIOL 4308 Developmental Biology (3 semester credit hours) Molecular mechanisms controlling development in eukaryotes, with emphasis on the early stages of morphogenesis. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3401 or equivalent) and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461 or equivalent), or instructor consent required. (3-0) R

BIOL 4310 Cellular Microbiology (3 semester credit hours) This course examines the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, focusing on host cell properties. It introduces human pathogens, their virulence, and the evolutionary interactions between pathogens and host cells. Topics include bacterial toxins, virus infections, microbial invasion, intracellular parasitism, and pathogen-induced cell death. The course also covers host defense mechanisms, inflammation, sepsis, and advances in microbial genomics, including the human microbiome, vaccines, and anti-infectives. It aims to enhance knowledge in cell biology, medical microbiology, and immunology, with clinical applications in parasitology and infectious disease control. Prerequisite: BIOL 2311. (3-0) P

BIOL 4317 Cellular and Molecular Medicine of Human Diseases (3 semester credit hours) This course is designed to provide upper level undergraduate students with current understandings of and experimental approaches (e.g. animal models) to human diseases with emphasis on cellular and molecular basis of cancer, metabolic diseases, inflammation, and tissue injuries. Students will become aware of the most recent advancements in biomedical research and the contributions of various animal models to basic and clinical studies. Students are also expected to acquire the necessary skills to interpret and present recent landmark research articles. Sessions include lectures, seminars from invited guest lecturers, and journal article presentations. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402 and BIOL 3461) or instructor consent required. (3-0) R

BIOL 4325 Nutrition and Metabolism (3 semester credit hours) This course explores nutrient utilization and requirements, focusing on the connections between diet, health, genetics, microbiome, and diseases. It supports studies in medicine, health professions, biomedical research, and biotechnology. Topics include nutritional physiology, metabolic homeostasis, and the impact of diet on human development, aging, exercise, and health. The course reviews energy metabolism, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and protective food compounds. It examines how nutrient imbalances contribute to chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Additionally, it introduces microbiomics, nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics, and chrononutrition, highlighting the effects of diet on microbiota and the interplay between food, sleep, metabolism, and genes. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 3461 or equivalent. (3-0) F

BIOL 4330 Advanced Research in Molecular and Cell Biology (3 semester credit hours) This course aims to show students how to carry out original research and to teach them some practical approaches and techniques used in a research laboratory. Advanced research approaches and techniques will be used to investigate fundamental molecular and cellular processes in eukaryotic cells and organisms. Practical skills that will be taught and applied include the following: growth and monitoring of bacterial and yeast cultures, plasmid DNA isolation, restriction digest analysis, DNA cloning, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), bacterial and yeast transformation with DNA. Advanced techniques include fluorescent microscopy, beta-galactosidase, and fluorescent reporter assays, cancer cell cultures, protein extraction, protein purification, and immunohistochemistry. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisites: (BIOL 2281 or CHEM 2401 or equivalent) and BIOL 2311 and CHEM 2125. (1-5) S

BIOL 4337 Seminal Papers in Biology (3 semester credit hours) Theoretical and experimental papers in selected areas of biology will be discussed in a senior seminar format. The historical and biographical context of the papers and their authors will also be explored. The areas to be covered in any semester will vary with the instructor. Each student is expected to make an oral presentation and to prepare a written paper. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402) and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) and (BIOL 3462 or CHEM 3462) or equivalents. (3-0) S

BIOL 4341 Genomics (3 semester credit hours) Fundamentals of how the human genome sequence was acquired and the impact of the human genome era on biomedical research, medical care and genetic testing. Also covered is the impact new tools such as DNA microarray, real time PCR, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics will have on approaches to how scientific questions are investigated. The class will be a mixture of didactic lectures and paper presentations on examples of applied genomics. There will be two computer-based labs where students will perform online bioinformatics and data mining using the NCBI public database. Prerequisite: (BIOL 3401 or equivalent) with a grade of C or better. (3-0) T

BIOL 4345 Immunobiology (3 semester credit hours) Interactions of antigens and antibodies. Fine structure of antibodies. Tissues and cells of the immune system. Response of B and T lymphocytes to antigens. Cellular interactions in humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Genetic basis of antibody diversity. Immunity and infectious diseases. Suggested additional preparation: BIOL 3402. Prerequisites: CHEM 2323 and CHEM 2325. (3-0) S

BIOL 4350 Medical Microbiology (3 semester credit hours) This course will cover the methods used for identification of pathogenic organisms and the study of these organisms in relation to their disease process in humans. We will also cover at the molecular level important concepts such as microbial virulence, the control of bacterial growth, and host responses to infection. Prerequisite: (BIOL 3401 or equivalent) or BIOL 3520 or (BIOL 3303 and BIOL 3203). (3-0) R

BIOL 4353 Molecular Biology of HIV/AIDS (3 semester credit hours) Topics include a discussion of the history and epidemiology of AIDS, the likely origins of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the molecular and cell biology of HIV replication. The cell biological basis of the immunodeficiency induced by HIV infection is examined, as well as that of common accompanying pathologies such as Kaposi's sarcoma. The molecular basis of a variety of existing and potential anti-viral therapies is considered. Suggested prerequisite: BIOL 3402. (3-0) T

BIOL 4356 Molecular Neuropathology (3 semester credit hours) Molecular Neuropathology course offers a 360 degree view on neurological diseases and the underlying molecular causes. In this course, we will be looking at the pathology of the brain and CNS in various diseases. Following a look at the pathology, we will dive into the molecular aspects of the same diseases looking at it from the genetic and protein structure-function point of view. We love an open class format and enjoy discussions on the various topics on the syllabus. Prerequisites: BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402 and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) or their equivalents or instructor consent required. (3-0) F

BIOL 4357 Molecular Neuropathology II (3 semester credit hours) Molecular Neuropathology course offers a 360 degree view on neurological diseases and the underlying molecular causes. In this course, we will be looking at the pathology of the brain and CNS in various diseases. Following a look at the pathology, we will dive into the molecular aspects of the same diseases looking at it from the genetic and protein structure-function point of view. We love an open class format and enjoy discussions on the various topics on the syllabus. Prerequisites: BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402 and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) or their equivalents or instructor consent required. (3-0) P

BIOL 4360 Evolution and Development (3 semester credit hours) The objective of the course is to integrate evolutionary biology and developmental biology into a common framework, focusing on the evolution of developmental pathways as a basis for the evolution of animal morphology. This is a reading intensive course with a heavy focus on scientific research. Prerequisite: BIOL 3401 or equivalent. (3-0) S

BIOL 4365 Advanced Human Physiology (3 semester credit hours) Function and integration of human organ systems. The role of these systems in the adaptation of humans to, and their interaction with, the environment. Maintenance and perturbation of homeostasis. Pathophysiological basis of certain diseases. Prerequisite: BIOL 3402 or equivalent or instructor consent required. (3-0) R

BIOL 4366 Molecular Biology of Cancer (3 semester credit hours) Cancer biology and anti-cancer therapeutics are among the most rapidly advancing fields in life sciences. This course aims to teach the latest knowledge germane to the molecular biology of cancer. The following areas of cancer molecular biology will be covered: oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and functions, metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor metabolism, tumor microenvironment, tumor immunology and immunotherapy, clonal evolution and tumor heterogeneity, tumor hypoxia and therapy resistance. Students will also read and discuss the primary literature in this field. Prerequisite: BIOL 3402 or equivalent. (3-0) R

BIOL 4371 General and Molecular Virology (3 semester credit hours) What is a virus? What is the basis of virus/host specificity? How do viruses replicate? This course will cover virus structure, classification, gene expression, and replication. Once we have covered the basics using a few select model systems, we will consider selected groups of viruses from each of the three domains of life and discuss in detail virus replication from attachment to release of progeny virions (and/or alternative fates such as lysogeny, abortive infections and others). This course is designed for upper level undergraduate students who have a firm grasp on the basics of Central Dogma: transcription, translation, replication, as well as a background in bacteriology and eukaryotic cell biology. BIOL 3402 is recommended but not required. Prerequisites: BIOL 2311 and BIOL 2312. (3-0) Y

BIOL 4380 Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory (3 semester credit hours) Current techniques that are utilized in a modern molecular biology research laboratory. Practical skills taught include monitoring bacterial growth, phenotype testing, plasmid isolation, restriction digest analysis, DNA cloning, and DNA fingerprinting using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Advanced techniques include fundamental microscopy, DNA transfection and general characterization of animal cell cultures, sub-cellular fractionation using differential centrifugation, basic immunological techniques, and chemical mutagen testing. Lab fee of $30 required. Prerequisite: BIOL 3380. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 3402 or equivalent. (1-4) S

BIOL 4385 Oral Histology and Embryology (3 semester credit hours) This course will provide exposure to and broad coverage of maxillofacial and oral histological structures and embryology of the face, neck, and teeth using lectures and electronic images of calcified and soft tissue cells. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3461 or equivalent) and (BIOL 3455 or BIOL 3456) or instructor consent required. (3-0) S

BIOL 4390 Senior Readings in Molecular and Cell Biology (3 semester credit hours) For students conducting independent literature research and scientific writing in Biology or Molecular and Cell Biology. Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. Topics may vary. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Instructor consent required. (3-0) S

BIOL 4391 Senior Research in Molecular and Cell Biology (3 semester credit hours) For students conducting laboratory research and scientific writing in Biology or Molecular and Cell Biology. Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. Topics may vary. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Instructor consent required. (3-0) S

BIOL 4399 Senior Honors Research for Thesis in Molecular and Cell Biology (3 semester credit hours) For students conducting independent laboratory research for honors in Biology or Molecular and Cell Biology. Besides the university specifications the student should contact the undergraduate academic advisor in biology for program requirements. Topics may vary. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Instructor consent required. (3-0) S

BIOL 4461 Biophysical Chemistry (4 semester credit hours) For students interested in the interface between biochemistry and structural biology. Provides an advanced treatment of the physical principles underlying modern molecular biology techniques. Topics include classical and statistical thermodynamics, biochemical kinetics, transport processes (e.g., diffusion, sedimentation, viscosity), chemical bonding, and spectroscopy. Prerequisites: (PHYS 1301 or PHYS 2325 or equivalent) and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461 or equivalent). (4-0) P

BIOL 4V00 Special Topics in Biology (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (9 semester credit hours maximum). Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. A fee of up to $200 may be required depending on topic. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402) and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) or their equivalents or instructor consent required. ([1-6]-0) R

BIOL 4V01 Topics in Biological Sciences with Lab (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (6 semester credit hours maximum). Lab fee of $30 required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402) and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) or their equivalents or instructor consent required. ([1-5]-[1-5]) R

BIOL 4V40 Special Topics in Molecular and Cell Biology (1-6 semester credit hours) May be repeated as topics vary (9 semester credit hours maximum). Lab fee of $30 required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. Prerequisites: (BIOL 3401 and BIOL 3402) and (BIOL 3461 or CHEM 3461) or their equivalents or instructor consent required. ([1-6]-[0-5]) S

BIOL 4V81 Clinical Research Lab (1-3 semester credit hours) Subject and scope to be determined on an individual basis. May be repeated for credit as topics vary (6 credit hours maximum). Additional prerequisites may be required. Instructor consent required. Prerequisite: STAT 3332. (Same as BIMS 4V81) ([1-3]-0) R

BIOL 4V95 Advanced Topics in Biology (Individual Instruction) (1-6 semester credit hours) Individual study under a faculty member's direction. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([1-6]-0) S

BIOL 4V99 Senior Honors Research in Molecular and Cell Biology (3-6 semester credit hours) For students conducting independent research for honors theses or projects. Besides the university specifications, the student should contact the undergraduate advisor in biology for program requirements. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Instructor consent required. Additional prerequisites may be required depending on the specific course topic. ([3-6]-0) S